Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) has been responsible for mass mortalities in the aquaculture industry worldwide, with great economic and environmental impact. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge of gene expression responses to nervous necrosis virus infection in different fish species based on transcriptomic analysis data. Four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS were searched, and more than 500 publications on the subject were identified. Following the application of the appropriate testing, a total of 24 articles proved eligible for this review. NNV infection of different host species, in different developmental stages and tissues, presented in the eligible publications, are described in detail, revealing and highlighting genes and pathways that are most affected by the viral infection. Those transcriptome studies of NNV infected fish are oriented in elucidating the roles of genes/biomarkers for functions of special interest, depending on each study’s specific emphasis. This review presents a first attempt to provide an overview of universal host reaction mechanisms to viral infections, which will provide us with new perspectives to overcome NNV infection to build healthier and sustainable aquaculture systems.
Highlights
Aquaculture has been evolved from playing a relatively minor role to a major part of the global food system
Host-pathogen interactions concerning viral infections of teleost fish are under intense investigation since the effectiveness of immune defense mechanisms is tightly related to the host health [6], and it is anticipated that the systematic study of -omics datasets through a systems biology approach will enable scientists to describe the complexity and characteristics of interactions in the host-pathogen network, leading to the identification of new biomarkers and drug targets for fish diseases [4]
The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the nervous necrosis virus (NNV) challenge of different host species in different developmental stages and tissues, aiming to highlight the genes and the pathways that are most affected by the viral infection
Summary
Aquaculture has been evolved from playing a relatively minor role to a major part of the global food system. Blue revolution is based on the aquaculture industry, highlighting its significant role as a vital and very productive agricultural activity [1]. Diseases of viral etiology have been wreaking havoc in the aquaculture industry, sometimes wiping out entire stocks within days of onset of infection [5]. Host-pathogen interactions concerning viral infections of teleost fish are under intense investigation since the effectiveness of immune defense mechanisms is tightly related to the host health [6], and it is anticipated that the systematic study of -omics datasets through a systems biology approach will enable scientists to describe the complexity and characteristics of interactions in the host-pathogen network, leading to the identification of new biomarkers and drug targets for fish diseases [4]. Transcriptome analysis is an essential tool for optimum understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the host response to a pathogen
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
