Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors described. We performed mRNA sequencing of non-lesional axillary skin biopsies from nine German shepherd dogs. Obtained RNA sequences were mapped to the dog genome (CanFam3.1) and a high-quality skin transcriptome was generated with 23,510 expressed gene transcripts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were defined by comparing three controls to five treated CAD cases. Using a leave-one-out analysis, we identified seven DEGs: five known to encode proteins with functions related to an activated immune system (CD209, CLEC4G, LOC102156842 (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-like), LOC480601 (regakine-1-like), LOC479668 (haptoglobin-like)), one (OBP) encoding an odorant-binding protein potentially connected to rhinitis, and the last (LOC607095) encoding a novel long non-coding RNA. Furthermore, high mRNA expression of inflammatory genes was found in axillary skin from an untreated mild CAD case compared with healthy skin. In conclusion, we define genes with different expression patterns in CAD case skin helping us understand post-treatment atopic skin. Further studies in larger sample sets are warranted to confirm and to transfer these results into clinical practice.
Highlights
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with a strong genetic predisposition and is influenced by environmental risk factors (Meury et al 2011; Nodtvedt et al 2007)
The immune response during an atopic reaction is primarily a lymphocytic skin infiltration and plasma cell class switching to form immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies that recognize otherwise harmless environmental allergens. These IgE antibodies bind to IgE receptors expressed on the cell surface of mast cells and basophils and when IgE are cross-linked by the offending allergen, degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators occur
93–96% of the input read pairs survived trimming using the Illumina adaptors provided in the TruSeq3-PE.fa with the following settings: 2:30:10 LEADING:3 TRAILING:3 SLIDINGWINDOW:4:15 MINLEN:36
Summary
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with a strong genetic predisposition and is influenced by environmental risk factors (Meury et al 2011; Nodtvedt et al 2007). The immune response during an atopic reaction is primarily a lymphocytic skin infiltration and plasma cell class switching to form immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies that recognize otherwise harmless environmental allergens. These IgE antibodies bind to IgE receptors expressed on the cell surface of mast cells and basophils and when IgE are cross-linked by the offending allergen, degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators occur. This leads to vasodilation and activation of further inflammatory responses. The overall prevalence of CAD typically ranges from 3 to 15%
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