Abstract
While calorie restriction is the most used experimental intervention to increase lifespan in numerous model organisms, increasing evidence suggests that excess glucose leads to decreased lifespan in various organisms. To fully understand the molecular basis of the pro-aging effect of glucose, it is still important to discover genetic interactions, gene expression patterns, and molecular responses depending on glucose availability. Here, we compared the gene expression profiles in Schizosaccharomyces pombe mid-log-phase cells grown in three different Synthetic Dextrose media with 3%, 5%, and 8% glucose, using the RNA sequencing method. Expression patterns of genes that function in carbohydrate metabolism were downregulated as expected, and these genes were downregulated in line with the increase in glucose content. Significant and consistent changes in the expression were observed such as genes that encoding retrotransposable elements, heat shock proteins, glutathione S-transferase, cell agglutination protein, and conserved fungal proteins. We group some genes that function together in the transcription process and mitotic regulation, which have recently been associated with glucose availability. Our results shed light on the relationship between excess glucose, diverse cellular processes, and aging.
Highlights
The nutritional condition is one of the most important determinants of cellular and organismal life-span
Our results indicated that excess glucose, as expected, downregulated many genes that function in carbohydrate metabolism
We found that there were significant and consistent changes in the expression of genes encoding retrotransposons, heat shock proteins, transcription regulators, and proteins that provide genomic stability
Summary
The nutritional condition is one of the most important determinants of cellular and organismal life-span. Single-gene mutations or overexpression, has been used to identify the genes whose overexpression or deletion mimic the effect of calorie restriction, or that have a considerable effect on longevity by some other mechanisms. In this regard, they mostly consider the protein coding regions and exclude the role of noncoding and regulatory regions, many attempts have been made in a variety of organisms such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and mice (Fontana et al, 2010, Rallis et al, 2013, Dancy et al, 2014, Sideri et al, 2014, Boehm et al, 2016)
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