Abstract
BackgroundThe genus Corylus is an important woody species in Northeast China. Its products, hazelnuts, constitute one of the most important raw materials for the pastry and chocolate industry. However, limited genetic research has focused on Corylus because of the lack of genomic resources. The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies provides a turning point for Corylus research. In the present study, we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for the first time to produce a comprehensive database for the Corylus heterophylla Fisch floral buds.ResultsThe C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds transcriptome was sequenced using the Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. We produced 28,930,890 raw reads and assembled them into 82,684 contigs. A total of 40,941 unigenes were identified, among which 30,549 were annotated in the NCBI Non-redundant (Nr) protein database and 18,581 were annotated in the Swiss-Prot database. Of these annotated unigenes, 25,311 and 10,514 unigenes were assigned to gene ontology (GO) categories and clusters of orthologous groups (COG), respectively. We could map 17,207 unigenes onto 128 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway (KEGG) database. Additionally, based on the transcriptome, we constructed a candidate cold tolerance gene set of C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds. The expression patterns of selected genes during four stages of cold acclimation suggested that these genes might be involved in different cold responsive stages in C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds.ConclusionThe transcriptome of C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds was deep sequenced, de novo assembled, and annotated, providing abundant data to better understand the C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds transcriptome. Candidate genes potentially involved in cold tolerance were identified, providing a material basis for future molecular mechanism analysis of C. heterophylla Fisch floral buds tolerant to cold stress.
Highlights
The genus Corylus consists of deciduous species which naturally occur in temperate forest areas in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and North America [1]
The high quality reads produced in this study have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database
These results demonstrated the effectiveness of Illumina pyrosequencing in rapidly capturing a large portion of the transcriptome
Summary
The genus Corylus consists of deciduous species which naturally occur in temperate forest areas in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and North America [1]. Hazelnuts are important woody species in Northeast China. As the most widely distribution Corylus plant in China, Corylus heterophylla Fisch yield accounts for more than 70% of the total output in the domestic market of China [3]. Hazelnuts, due to their organoleptic characteristics, constitute one of the most important raw materials for pastry and chocolate industry [2,4]. The genus Corylus is an important woody species in Northeast China. Hazelnuts, constitute one of the most important raw materials for the pastry and chocolate industry. We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing for the first time to produce a comprehensive database for the Corylus heterophylla Fisch floral buds
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