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Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKN) represent extensive challenges to Cucurbitaceae crops. However, Cucumis metuliferus (Cm) is known to be resistant to Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) infections. Thus, analysis of differentially expressed genes may lead to a comprehensive gene expression profiling of the incompatible Cm-Mi interaction. In this study, the time-course transcriptome of Cm against Mi infection was monitored using RNA-Seq. More than 170000 transcripts were examined in Cm roots, and 2430 genes were subsequently identified as differentially expressed in response to Mi infection. Based on function annotation and orthologs finding, the potential mechanism of transcriptional factor, cytoskeleton, pathogen-related genes and plant hormone were assessed at the transcription level. A comparison of gene expression levels between Mi-infected Cm and cucumber plants revealed that cytoskeleton-related genes are key regulators of Cm resistance to Mi. We herein discuss the dual nature of cytoskeleton-related genes in the susceptibility and resistance of plant hosts to Mi. Our observations provide novel insights into the responses of Cm to Mi at the transcriptome level. The data generated in this study may be useful for elucidating the mechanism underlying resistance to RKNs in cucurbitaceous crops.
Highlights
Plant–parasitic root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most dispersed plant pathogens responsible for considerable yield loses lost in various economic crops, including rice, soybean, cucumber and so on[1, 2]
At 28 days after infection (DAI), all Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) in 9930 roots were at J3/J4 stages while only a small number of Mi in Cucumis metuliferus (Cm) roots were at J3/J4 stages
We found that 595 of the 617 Arabidopsis hormones-related genes (87%) had homologs among the 138,390 assembled unigenes from the Cm transcriptome data, indicating that most of the known hormone-related genes were detected in our transcriptome analysis
Summary
Plant–parasitic root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most dispersed plant pathogens responsible for considerable yield loses lost in various economic crops, including rice, soybean, cucumber and so on[1, 2]. The second-stage juvenile nematodes can migrate into host plant root cells, and manipulate the normal root physiology by secreting several so-called effectors. Transcription factors are involved in the host plant responses to RKN invading. WRKY transcription factor encoding genes are known to be widely involved in plants responses to nematode infection. Cucumis species belong to the Cucurbitaceae family, which includes several economically important crops, such as cucumber, melon, and watermelon Despite their economic importance, cultivated Cucurbitaceae plants have always been vulnerable to serious RKN infections because they lack the RKN resistance genes[21]. This is the first study of the interactions between Cucurbitaceae plant and RKN using transcriptome data It provides a new insight into the responses of Cucurbitaceae plant to RKN infection, which are expected to be highly useful for dissecting the nematode resistant mechanism of Cucurbitaceae plant
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