Abstract
Black point is a cereal disease caused by complex pathogens, of which the pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana is the most serious in wheat. Resistance to black point is quantitative in nature, and thus the mechanism is poorly understood. We conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in black point-slightly susceptible and -highly susceptible wheat lines at different timepoints following B. sorokiniana inoculation. DEGs associated with photosynthesis were upregulated in black point-slightly susceptible lines. The top Gene Ontology enrichment terms for biological processes were oxidation–reduction, response to cold, salt stress, oxidative stress, and cadmium ion; terms for cellular component genes were mainly involved in plasma membrane and cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle, whereas those for molecular function were heme binding and peroxidase activity. Moreover, activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase were higher in slightly susceptible lines than those in highly susceptible lines (except peroxidase 12–24 days post-inoculation). Thus, resistance to B. sorokiniana-caused black point in wheat was mainly related to counteracting oxidative stress, although the specific metabolic pathways require further study. This study presents new insights for understanding resistance mechanisms of selected wheat lines to black point.
Highlights
Black point is a cereal disease caused by complex pathogens, of which the pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana is the most serious in wheat
These results indicated that the significant difference in black point between SN4143 and PZSCL6 was probably due to their different resistance to B. sorokiniana
We found that 73 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in metabolic pathways related to photosynthesis, including carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, was associated with black point resistance
Summary
Black point is a cereal disease caused by complex pathogens, of which the pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana is the most serious in wheat. Black point results in economic losses due to a reduction in the commercial grade of the grain from infected seeds with a discolored appearance[5,6] and affects the effectiveness of wheat seeds as infection decreases seed germination, inhibits seedling growth, and reduces grain y ield[3,7]. Research on black point has focused mainly on the d amage[5,6,7], causative pathogens[6,11,12], influencing factors[13,14], and control methods[2,3] and in quantitative trait locus/genes mapping for disease resistance[15,16,17,18,19,20], there are few studies on resistance mechanisms. Similar to Fusarium head blight (FHB), the development of black point-resistant wheat cultivars has been impeded
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