Abstract
Postharvest anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the most important postharvest diseases of mangoes worldwide. Bacillus siamensis (B. siamensis), as a biocontrol bacteria, has significant effects on inhibiting disease and improving the quality of fruits and vegetables. In this study, pre-storage application of B. siamensis significantly induced disease resistance and decreased disease index (DI) of stored mango fruit. To investigate the induction mechanisms of B. siamensis, comparative transcriptome analysis of mango fruit samples during the storage were established. In total, 234,808 unique transcripts were assembled and 56,704 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of DEGs showed that most of the DEGs involved in plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis of resistant substances were enriched. Fourteen DEGs related to disease-resistance were validated by qRT-PCR, which well corresponded to the FPKM value obtained from the transcriptome data. These results indicate that B. siamensis treatment may act to induce disease resistance of mango fruit by affecting multiple pathways. These findings not only reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern postharvest disease, but also develop a biological strategy to maintain quality of post-harvest mango fruit.
Highlights
Mango fruit (Magnifera indica L.) is one of the most popular fruits with delicious taste, rich nutrition, and a variety of bioactive compounds [1]
Anthracnose decay is one of the most common and vital fungal diseases of mangoes, and the parameters of disease index (DI) are regarded as indicators of disease severity in mangoes [18]
B. siamensis treatment significantly alleviated anthracnose symptoms and reduced the disease index (Figure 1), suggesting that B. siamensis treatment enhanced the disease-resistance of stored mango fruits and again confirmed the findings reported in our former studies [16]
Summary
Mango fruit (Magnifera indica L.) is one of the most popular fruits with delicious taste, rich nutrition, and a variety of bioactive compounds [1]. Many control strategies against postharvest diseases have been developed. Some physical technologies, such as postharvest heat treatment and UV-C treatment, have been found to effectively control the postharvest diseases of fruits [3]. Carbendazim, promethanide, and tecto have been confirmed to have obvious effects on inhibiting anthracnose in mango fruit [4]. These fungicides are effective for controlling pathogens, they do have negative influences on human health and the environment [5]. Seeking effective, safe, and valuable alternative fungicides to control postharvest anthracnose disease in mango is of great significance
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