Abstract
Ethylene (ET) is one of the many important signaling hormones that functions in regulating defense responses in plants. Gene expression profiling was conducted under exogenous ET application in the high late blight resistant potato genotype SD20 and the specific transcriptional responses to exogenous ET in SD20 were revealed. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) generated a total of 1226 ET-specific DEGs, among which transcription factors, kinases, defense enzymes and disease resistance-related genes were significantly differentially expressed. GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathway analysis also revealed that numerous defense regulation-related genes and defense pathways were significantly enriched. These results were consistent with the interaction of SD20 and Phytophthora infestans in our previous study, indicating that exogenous ET stimulated the defense response and initiated a similar defense pathway compared to pathogen infection in SD20. Moreover, multiple signaling pathways including ET, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin were involved in the response to exogenous ET, which indicates that many plant hormones work together to form a complex network to resist external stimuli in SD20. ET-induced gene expression profiling provides insights into the ET signaling transduction pathway and its potential mechanisms in disease defense systems in potato.
Highlights
Ethylene (ET) is one of the many important signaling hormones that functions in regulating defense responses in plants
In order to obtain the spectrum of gene expression of SD20 in the response to ET treatment, transcription profiling was conducted in SD20 treated with exogenous ET for 0, 3, 6, and 12 h and compared with H2O as the mock treatment
The results showed that except for NADPH, the other nine genes were up-regulated: zinc metalloprotease EGY2, NAC domain protein, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, RAV, WRKY1, and PERK1 kinase coding genes were up-regulated at 3 h of ET treatment; glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase gene was up-regulated at 6 h of ET treatment; while Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly elicited protein and ACC oxidase 2 genes were up-regulated at 12 h of ET treatment
Summary
Ethylene (ET) is one of the many important signaling hormones that functions in regulating defense responses in plants. Gene expression profiling was conducted under exogenous ET application in the high late blight resistant potato genotype SD20 and the specific transcriptional responses to exogenous ET in SD20 were revealed. GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed that numerous defense regulation-related genes and defense pathways were significantly enriched These results were consistent with the interaction of SD20 and Phytophthora infestans in our previous study, indicating that exogenous ET stimulated the defense response and initiated a similar defense pathway compared to pathogen infection in SD20. We obtained the tetraploid potato genotype SD20 showing high resistance to P. infestans super race CN152, and systematically analyzed the gene expression induced by the pathogen. The goal of this study was to explore the expression of ET-induced early response genes and their biological processes in the defense response, to provide a reference in the application of plant hormones in the potato defense response
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