Abstract
The stem of Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z. Tang and S.J. Cheng was widely used as a medicinal herb in health care products due to its broad pharmacological activities. However, the molecular regulation mechanism of stem development and biosynthetic pathways of important bioactive substances are still unclear in D. huoshanense. In this study, the bioactive compounds in leaves, stems and roots, and the identification of candidate genes involved in stem formation and biosynthesis of active compounds via transcriptome sequence were analyzed. The accumulation of total polysaccharides and flavonoids were varied significantly in different tissues. A comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in polysaccharides biosynthesis (103 genes), including fructose and mannose related genes (29 genes) and glycosyltransferase genes (74 genes), and flavonoids biosynthesis (15 genes). Some candidate genes that participated in photoperiod regulation (27 genes), starch and sucrose metabolism (46 genes), and hormone-induced activation of signaling pathways (38 genes) may be involved in stem formation. In sum, this study provides a foundation for investigating the molecular processes in the biosynthesis of active compounds and stem development. The transcriptome data presented here provides an important resource for the future studies of the molecular genetics and functional genomics in D. huoshanense and optimized control of the active compounds produced by D. huoshanense.
Highlights
At present, several ingredients from D. huoshanense have been identified as therapeutic active components, such as polysaccharides[4,5], flavonoids[6,7], alkaloids[8,9]
The chemical analysis and transcriptomes provide new insights on the comprehensive characterization for biosynthesis of active ingredients in D. huoshanense. Based on these transcriptomic data, we described genes and metabolism pathways associated with stem formation, which promoted understanding the regulation mechanism of stem growth and development
To increase quality and yield of D. huoshanense by genetic improvement, we identified several putative genes involved in the biosynthesis of two active constituents, polysaccharides and flavonoids, and genes related to photoperiod, starch and sucrose metabolism, hormone signal transduction, which played an important role in stem growth
Summary
Several ingredients from D. huoshanense have been identified as therapeutic active components, such as polysaccharides[4,5], flavonoids[6,7], alkaloids[8,9]. The chemical analysis and transcriptomes provide new insights on the comprehensive characterization for biosynthesis of active ingredients in D. huoshanense. Based on these transcriptomic data, we described genes and metabolism pathways associated with stem formation, which promoted understanding the regulation mechanism of stem growth and development. These results laid the solid foundation for further study to improve the quality and yield of D. huoshanense by expression of related genes and providing important genetic data for Dendrobium
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