Abstract
Maturation-related changes in cell wall composition and the molecular mechanisms underlying cell wall changes were investigated from the apical, middle and basal segments in moso bamboo shoot (MBS). With maturation extent from apical to basal regions in MBS, lignin and cellulose content increased, whereas heteroxylan exhibited a decreasing trend. Activities of phenylalanine amonnialyase (PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), which are involved in lignin biosynthesis, increased rapidly from the apex to the base sections. The comparative transcriptomic analysis was carried out to identify some key genes involved in secondary cell walls (SCW) formation underlying the cell wall compositions changes including 63, 8, 18, and 31 functional unigenes encoding biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, xylan and NAC-MYB-based transcription factors, respectively. Genes related to secondary cell wall formation and lignin biosynthesis had higher expression levels in the middle and basal segments compared to those in the apical segments. Furthermore, the expression profile of PePAL gene showed positive relationships with cellulose-related gene PeCESA4, xylan-related genes PeIRX9 and PeIRX10. Our results indicated that lignification occurred in the more mature middle and basal segments in MBS at harvest while lignification of MBS were correlated with higher expression levels of PeCESA4, PeIRX9 and PeIRX10 genes.
Highlights
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), belonging to the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family, is the most ecologically and economically important and culturally popular bamboo species in the world[1]
Some lignification-associated genes, such as PePAL, PeCAD, PeCesA have been identified in bamboo shoots[28,29], a comprehensive description of the moso bamboo shoot (MBS) transcriptome related to secondary cell walls (SCW) deposition remains unavailable, and the molecular mechanism underlying lignification in this context has not been fully elucidated
Lignin and cellulose contents increased from apex to base whereas hemicellulose showed a decreasing trend, and the highest level of hemicellulose was in the apical segment (Table 1)
Summary
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), belonging to the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family, is the most ecologically and economically important and culturally popular bamboo species in the world[1]. Some lignification-associated genes, such as PePAL, PeCAD, PeCesA have been identified in bamboo shoots[28,29], a comprehensive description of the MBS transcriptome related to SCW deposition remains unavailable, and the molecular mechanism underlying lignification in this context has not been fully elucidated. With the genome sequence of moso bamboo available[30], it is feasible and reliable to identify and determine the molecular mechanisms of functional genes related to SCW deposition in the MBS. It may provide further guide for using genetic engineering to modify lignified plant cell wall in fruits and vegetables after harvest
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