Abstract
BackgroundThe tea-oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) is the most important oil plant in southern China, and has a strong resistance to drought and barren soil. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance would greatly promote its cultivation and molecular breeding.ResultsIn total, we obtained 76,585 unigenes with an average length of 810 bp and an N50 of 1,092 bp. We mapped all the unigenes to the NCBI ‘nr’ (non-redundant), SwissProt, KEGG, and clusters of orthologous groups (COG) databases, where 52,531 (68.6%) unigenes were functionally annotated. According to the annotation, 46,171 (60.8%) unigenes belong to 338 KEGG pathways. We identified a series of unigenes that are related to the synthesis and regulation of abscisic acid (ABA), the activity of protective enzymes, vitamin B6 metabolism, the metabolism of osmolytes, and pathways related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. After exposed to drought for 12 hours, the number of differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between treated plants and control plants increased in the G4 cultivar, while there was no significant increase in the drought-tolerant C3 cultivar. DEGs associated with drought stress responsive pathways were identified by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Moreover, we found 789 DEGs related to transcription factors. Finally, according to the results of qRT-PCR, the expression levels of the 20 unigenes tested were consistent with the results of next-generation sequencing.ConclusionsIn the present study, we identified a large set of cDNA unigenes from C. oleifera annotated using public databases. Further studies of DEGs involved in metabolic pathways related to drought stress and transcription will facilitate the discovery of novel genes involved in resistance to drought stress in this commercially important plant.
Highlights
Camellia oleifera, an important member of the family Theaceae, is generally considered to be one of the four major woody oil trees in the world, together with the oil palm, olive, and coconut[1]
We identified a series of unigenes that are related to the synthesis and regulation of abscisic acid (ABA), the activity of protective enzymes, vitamin B6 metabolism, the metabolism of osmolytes, and pathways related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
After exposed to drought for 12 hours, the number of differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between treated plants and control plants increased in the G4 cultivar, while there was no significant increase in the drought-tolerant Cenruan No.3’ (C3) cultivar
Summary
An important member of the family Theaceae, is generally considered to be one of the four major woody oil trees in the world, together with the oil palm, olive, and coconut[1]. Tea oil, which is extracted from the seeds of C. oleifera, has been used as a high-grade cooking oil in China for hundreds of years. Because of its similar chemical composition to olive oil, tea oil has a reputation as the ‘eastern olive oil’. It is rich in several fatty acids, including palmitic, stearic, linoleic, oleic, and linolenic acids[2]. With its strong resistance to drought and barren soil in hilly regions, C. oleifera has gradually become the most important woody oil tree in China, where its cultivated area has been increased to more than 3.7 million hectares[9]. The tea-oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) is the most important oil plant in southern China, and has a strong resistance to drought and barren soil. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance would greatly promote its cultivation and molecular breeding
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