Transcriptome Analysis of Protein Kinase MoCK2, which Affects Acetyl-CoA Metabolism and Import of CK2-Interacting Mitochondrial Proteins into Mitochondria in the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Abstract

The rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae causes severe losses to rice production. Previous studies have shown that the protein kinase MoCK2 is essential for pathogenesis, and this ubiquitous eukaryotic protein kinase might affect several processes in the fungus that are needed for infection. To better understand which cellular processes are affected by MoCK2 activity, we performed a detailed transcriptome sequencing analysis of deletions of the MoCK2 b1 and b2 components in relation to the background strain Ku80 and connected this analysis with the abundance of substrates for proteins in a previous pulldown of the essential CKa subunit of CK2 to estimate the effects on proteins directly interacting with CK2. The results showed that MoCK2 seriously affected carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the related transporters and reduced acetyl-CoA production. CK2 phosphorylation can affect the folding of proteins and especially the effective formation of protein complexes by intrinsically disordered or mitochondrial import by destabilizing soluble alpha helices. The upregulated genes found in the pulldown of the b1 and b2 mutants indicate that proteins directly interacting with CK2 are compensatorily upregulated depending on their pulldown. A similar correlation was found for mitochondrial proteins. Taken together, the classes of proteins and the changes in regulation in the b1 and b2 mutants suggest that CK2 has a central role in mitochondrial metabolism, secondary metabolism, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) resistance, in addition to its previously suggested role in the formation of new ribosomes, all of which are processes central to efficient nonself responses as innate immunity. IMPORTANCE The protein kinase CK2 is highly expressed and essential for plants, animals, and fungi, affecting fatty acid-related metabolism. In addition, it directly affects the import of essential mitochondrial proteins into mitochondria. These effects mean that CK2 is essential for lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function and, as shown previously, is crucial for making new translation machinery proteins. Taken together, our new results combined with previously reported results indicate that CK2 is an essential protein necessary for the capacities to launch efficient innate immunity responses and withstand the negative effects of such responses necessary for general resistance against invading bacteria and viruses as well as to interact with plants, withstand plant immunity responses, and kill plant cells.