Abstract
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is the most extensively farmed crustacean species in the world. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the major pathogens in the cultured shrimp. However, the molecular mechanisms of the host-virus interaction remain largely unknown. In this study, the impact of WSSV infection on host gene expression in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei was investigated through the use of 454 pyrosequencing-based RNA-Seq of cDNA libraries developed from WSSV-challenged shrimp or normal controls. By comparing the two cDNA libraries, we show that 767 host genes are significantly up-regulated and 729 genes are significantly down-regulated by WSSV infection. KEGG analysis of the differentially expressed genes indicated that the distribution of gene pathways between the up- and down-regulated genes is quite different. Among the differentially expressed genes, several are found to be involved in various processes of animal defense against pathogens such as apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, Wnt signaling and antigen processing and presentation pathways. The present study provides valuable information on differential expression of L. vannamei genes following WSSV infection and improves our current understanding of this host-virus interaction. In addition, the large number of transcripts obtained in this study provides a strong basis for future genomic research on shrimp.
Highlights
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has become the most extensively cultured crustacean species in the world due to its highyield and low-demand for concentration of salt [1]
1/2-plate production run on the 454 GS-FLX sequencing instrument, resulting in 159,742 and 101,725 raw reads, respectively. Files containing these data were deposited in the Short Read Archive (SRA) database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with accession numbers of SRR554363 (WSSV- challenged) and SRR554364
Low-complexity, and low-quality reads, a total of 151023 cleaned reads, ranging from 70 bp to 611 bp were harvested in the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-challenged library, with an average length of 374 bp and N50 length of 451 bp
Summary
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has become the most extensively cultured crustacean species in the world due to its highyield and low-demand for concentration of salt [1]. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most important viral pathogens of shrimp farming, causing high mortality and large economic loss [6]. WSSV causes a cumulative mortality can reach 100% within 3–10 days [4]. The response of shrimp to viral pathogens has become an increasingly important subject for study [11]. An understanding of the molecular responses and defense mechanism in shrimp against pathogens will promote the development of effective techniques to prevent viral diseases of shrimp
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