Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The molecular characteristics of histologically normal appearing tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT) from PTC patients are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the global gene expression profile of NAT and compare it with those of normal and tumor thyroid tissues. We performed total RNA sequencing with fresh frozen thyroid tissues from a cohort of three categories of samples including NAT, normal thyroid (N), and PTC tumor (T). Transcriptome analysis shows that NAT presents a unique gene expression profile, which was not associated with sex or the presence of lymphocytic thyroiditis. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of NAT vs N, 256 coding genes and 5 noncoding genes have been reported as cancer genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and/or tumorigenesis. Bioinformatics analysis with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software revealed that “Cancer, Organismal Injury and Abnormalities, Cellular Response to Therapeutics, and Cellular Movement” were major dysregulated pathways in the NAT tissues. This study provides improved insight into the complexity of gene expression changes in the thyroid glands of patients with PTC.
Highlights
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer
Among the 21 NAT-PTC/Lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT)+ samples, 15 samples clustered together while 6 samples were scattered with NAT samples without LT (NAT/LT−)
We did not observe a significant impact of sex difference in gene expression profile in NAT
Summary
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The molecular characteristics of histologically normal appearing tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT) from PTC patients are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the global gene expression profile of NAT and compare it with those of normal and tumor thyroid tissues. This study provides improved insight into the complexity of gene expression changes in the thyroid glands of patients with PTC. Despite the great advancement in PTC research, the molecular characteristics of histologically normal appearing tissue adjacent to the tumor (NAT) from PTC patients are not well characterized. Our knowledge of the gene expression profile changes in NAT of patients with PTC versus those without PTC is incomplete. We reported previously that overexpression of miR-221 in PTC-associated N AT21
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