Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily is one of the largest groups of proteins and plays a non-negligible role in phase III of the detoxification process, which is highly involved in the response of insects to environmental stress (plant secondary metabolites and insecticides). In the present study, in Nilaparvata lugens, we identified 32 ABC transporters, which are grouped into eight subfamilies (ABCA–H) based on phylogenetic analysis. The temporal and spatial expression profiles suggested that the nymphal stages (1st–5th) and adult males showed similarity, which was different from eggs and adult females, and NlABCA1, NlABCA2, NlABCB6, NlABCD2, NlABCG4, NlABCG12, NlABCG15, and NlABCH1 were highly expressed in the midgut and Malpighian tubules. In addition, ABCG12, which belongs to the ABC transporter G subfamily, was significantly upregulated after exposure to sulfoxaflor, nitenpyram, clothianidin, etofenprox, chlorpyrifos, and isoprocarb. Moreover, verapamil significantly increased the sensitivity of N. lugens to nitenpyram, clothianidin, etofenprox, chlorpyrifos, and isoprocarb. These results provide a basis for further research on ABC transporters involved in detoxification in N. lugens, and for a more comprehensive understanding of the response of N. lugens to environmental stress.
Highlights
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane proteins widespread in various organisms, and are found in a variety of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, lysosomes, and plasma membranes [1,2]
Based on the phylogenetic analysis of NBDS, the ABC transporter gene superfamily in N. lugens was grouped into eight subfamilies, named A to H (Figure 1)
Each ABC transporter gene had one or two conserved nucleotide binding domains (NBDs), which have several characteristic motifs, including the Walker A and B motifs common to many nucleotide binding proteins and others, such as the ABC signature, stacking aromatic D, H, and Q loops, which are unique to the family (Table S3)
Summary
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane proteins widespread in various organisms, and are found in a variety of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, lysosomes, and plasma membranes [1,2]. Eukaryotic ABC transporter proteins include two forms: full transporters contain two transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs); half transporters contain one NBD and one TMD, and homo- or heterodimers are required to constitute a functional pump in half transporters [3]. Almost all NBDs contain several conserved motif sequences, such as the ABC signature, Walker A, Walker B, D-loop, Q-loop, and H-motif [4,5]. Based on the sequence similarity of the NBD domain, ABC transporters can be classified into eight subfamilies, A–H [6,7]. ABC transporter genes have been identified in some insect species, including Drosophila melanogaster, Plutella xylostella, Bombyx mori, Anopheles gambiae, Bemisia tabaci, Tribolium castaneum, Laodelphax striatellus, and Helicoverpa armigera [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
