Abstract
The control of HTLV-1 viral gene expression is complex and involves the regulation of mRNA synthesis by Tax 1 and post-transcriptional processing by Rex 1 . The Tax 1 protein functions as a transcriptional transactivator of the HTL V-1 LTR and cellular genes through cooperation and association with cellular transcription factors which bind to the LTR. In this article, we discuss (1) the functional domains of the Tax 1 regulatory protein; (2) Tax 1 regulation of viral and cellular gene expression; (3) interaction of Tax 1 with cellular transcription factors; (4) the potential role of extracellular Tax 1 protein as a regulator of cellular gene expression. Understanding of the molecular mechanism by which Tax 1 transactivates viral and cellular genes will provide important insights into the interaction between the virus and the host cell during viral replication and transformation.
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