Abstract
The flower is the main organ that produces essential oils in many plants. The yield of raw flowers and the number of secretory epidermal cells are the main factors for essential oil production. The cultivated rose species “Pingyin 1” in China was used to study the effect of RrANT1 on floral organ development. Eighteen AP2 transcription factors with dual AP2 domains were identified from Rosa rugosa genome. RrANT1 belonged to euANT. The subcellular localization results showed that RrANT1 protein is localized in the nucleus. The relative expression level of RrANT1 in the receptacle is higher than that in petals in the developmental stages, and both decreased from the initial phase to senescence. Compared with the RrANT1 expression level in petals in the blooming stage, RrANT1 expression level was significant in petals (~48.8) and highest in the receptacle (~102.5) in the large bud stage. It was only highly expressed in the receptacle (~39.4) in the blooming period. RrANT1 overexpression significantly increased petunia flower and leaf sizes (~1.2), as well as flower fresh weight (~30%). The total number of epidermis cells in the petals of overexpressing plants significantly increased (>40%). This study concluded that RrANT1 overexpression can increase the size and weight of flowers by promoting cell proliferation, providing a basis for creating new rose germplasm to increase rose and essential oil yield.
Highlights
Received: 10 December 2021The flower is an important reproductive organ, which plays a key role in plants.A typical dicot flower is composed of four homeotic structures, namely sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, which are originated and differentiated from flower primordia
transcription factors (TFs) with dual AP2 domains were identified from the genomes of R. rugosa, R. chinensis, and
Almost all AP2s in R. rugosa and R. chinensis belonging to baselANT and euANT were adjacent to each other in pairs, which indicated that RrAP2s and RcAP2s had stronger congruent relationships
Summary
Received: 10 December 2021The flower is an important reproductive organ, which plays a key role in plants.A typical dicot flower is composed of four homeotic structures, namely sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, which are originated and differentiated from flower primordia. Many studies have shown that the size of floral organs is precisely regulated by a complex regulatory network [1] and is determined by the interaction between genotype and environmental influence. This size is reflected by the number and size of cells at the cellular level, which is regulated by cell proliferation and expansion during organ growth [2]. Many genes affect organ growth and development by regulating cell proliferation and expansion. KLU (KLUH) affects the enlargement of petals, leaves, and sepals [3]
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