Abstract

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in patients with diabetes. Endothelial activation, monocytes cross-endothelial migration and engulfment of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) by macrophages to transform into foam cells are key steps in the atherosclerotic plaque development. Recent single cell transcriptomic (SCT) analysis of aortic leukocytes identified three distinct macrophage populations including foam cells with higher expression of Trem2 in western diet fed murine models of atherosclerosis. Hyperglycaemic environment due to diabetes is known to affect cellular phenotypes, however the molecular mechanisms responsible for diabetes-induced foam cell formation in atherosclerosis are not known.

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