Transcatheter mitral paravalvular closure: a single centre experience with techniques and outcomes

Abstract

Background In patients with symptomatic mitral PVL, successful transcatheter reduction of the PVL to less than mild is associated with significant improvement in short- and midterm survival. Objectives In this study, we present our single-centre, same operators’ experience on percutaneous paravalvular leak closure with techniques and outcomes. Methods In this retrospective observational designed study, we retrieved hospital records of patients with a surgical history of mechanical or biological prosthetic valve replacement and who subsequently underwent transcatheter mitral paravalvular leak closure (TMPLC). All procedures were performed by the same operators. Results A total of 45 patients with 58 PVDs underwent TMPLC using 60 devices. All patients had moderate or severe mitral paravalvular regurgitation associated with symptomatic HF (15.6%), clinically significant haemolytic anaemia (57.8%) or both (26.7%). The technical success rate was 91.4%, with 53 defects successfully occluded. The clinical success rate was 75.6%. Among the clinical success parameters, the preprocedural median ejection fraction increased from 45% (35–55) to 50% (40–55) (p = .04). Mitral gradients decreased from max/mean 18/8 mmHg to max/mean 16/7 mmHg; p = .02). Haemoglobin levels increased from 9.9 (8.5–11.1) to 11.1 (3–13); p = .003. LDH levels decreased from 875 (556–1125) to 435 (314–579); p: <.001. All-cause 30-day and in-hospital mortality rates were the same at 8.9%. Conclusion This single-centre study with a limited number of patients confirmed that TMPLC is a safe and effective procedure to improve symptoms and severity of PVL.