Transarterial radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Abstract

Since the first version of the S3guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2013, alarge number of studies have consolidated the data on transarterial radioembolization (TARE) and created abroad evidence base. As aresult, TARE was incorporated into the current 2021 S3guideline with anumber of specific recommendations, whereas it was previously only offered under study conditions. TARE is now offered with the other minimally invasive procedures for bridging and downstaging before liver transplantation, but also as an alternative to transarterial chemotherapy (TACE) in intermediate HCC and in locally limited intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in second-line therapy for selected patients-albeit with different levels of evidence. Based on the study situation, however, TARE is not recommended for advanced HCC; here, systemic therapy with immunotherapeutic agents is preferred based on current data.