Trans-Obturator Tape for Incontinence: A 3-Year Follow-Up

Abstract

Aim: To assess operative and functional outcomes, including morbidity, after using the trans-obturator tape for stress incontinence. Patients and Methods: The first 24 consecutive patients undergoing trans-obturator tape insertion in a single centre were included in this retrospective study. All patients were female with a mean age of 63 (range 40–83) years. Fifteen patients (62.5%) suffered from pure stress incontinence, and 9 patients (37.5%) had mixed incontinence. Of the latter, 2 patients also had nocturnal enuresis. Each patient was followed up for between 3 and 12 months postoperatively and again at 36 months. The patients were assessed by clinical examination, ultrasound for residual urinary volume, and subjective satisfaction which was assessed at 3 and 12 months. At 36 months, all patients completed a validated incontinence questionnaire (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire: ICIQ) which assessed female lower urinary tract symptoms and their impact on the quality of life. Results: All operations were performed under epidural anaesthesia in day surgery, and the mean operative time was 20 (range 15–38) min. Nineteen patients (79.2%) showed significant improvement postoperatively, with 16 of those (66.6%) being completely cured of their incontinence. The remaining 5 patients (20.8%) were considered to have had failed procedures. There were no vascular, bladder, or urethral injuries. One patient had perforation of the vaginal fornix, and 3 patients developed vaginal erosion. Conclusions: The trans-obturator tape is a safe and effective treatment for stress incontinence and has a low morbidity after a 3-year follow-up period; however, it should only be performed by clinicians with the relevant surgical expertise and experience in treating female incontinence.