Abstract
BackgroundThe risk of coronary heart disease associated with intake of individual trans fatty acids (TFAs) is not clear. Adipose tissue content of TFAs is a biomarker of TFA intake and metabolism.ObjectiveWe investigated the rate of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with the adipose tissue content of total 18:1t, isomers of 18:1t (18:1 Δ6-10t and 18:1 Δ11t) and 18:2 Δ9c, 11t.MethodsA case-cohort study, nested within the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n = 57,053), was conducted, which included a random sample (n = 3156) of the total cohort and all incident MI cases (n = 2148) during follow-up (14 years). Information on MI cases was obtained by linkage with nationwide registers and validated. Adipose tissue was taken from the participants buttocks and the fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography.ResultsWomen with higher adipose tissue content of total 18:1t had a 57% higher MI rate (quintiles 5 versus 1, hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–2.20; P-trend = 0.011) and women with higher content of 18:1 Δ6-10t had a 76% higher MI rate (quintiles 5 versus 1, hazard ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–2.51; P-trend = 0.002). No association between 18:1 Δ11t content and MI rate was observed. In men, no associations between adipose tissue content of total 18:1t and 18:1 Δ6-10t and MI rate were observed. However, men with higher content of 18:1 Δ11t had a 48% higher MI rate (quintiles 5 versus 1, hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.86; P-trend = 0.003). Adipose tissue content of 18:2 Δ9c, 11t was not associated with MI rate in women or men.ConclusionsAdipose tissue content of 18:2 Δ9c, 11t was not associated with MI rate in women or men, whereas higher contents of isomers of 18:1t were associated with higher MI rates but the associations for individual 18:1t isomers differed, however, in women and men.
Highlights
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are unsaturated fatty acids with at least one double bond in the trans configuration and formed either by biohydrogenation in ruminants or by industrial hydrogenation
We investigated the rate of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with the adipose tissue content of total 18:1t, isomers of 18:1t (18:1 Δ6-10t and 18:1 Δ11t) and 18:2 Δ9c, 11t
Women with higher adipose tissue content of total 18:1t had a 57% higher MI rate and women with higher content of 18:1 Δ6-10t had a 76% higher MI rate
Summary
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are unsaturated fatty acids with at least one double bond in the trans configuration and formed either by biohydrogenation in ruminants or by industrial hydrogenation. The predominant products are isomers of 18:1t (trans-octadecenoic acid), but in different proportions [1,2]. Observational epidemiological studies have shown that a high habitual intake of TFAs from industrial sources is associated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease, whereas an association with intake of TFAs from ruminant sources has been questioned [4,5,6,7,8,9]. The risk of coronary heart disease associated with intake of individual trans fatty acids (TFAs) is not clear. Adipose tissue content of TFAs is a biomarker of TFA intake and metabolism
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