Trajectory analysis of microwave ablation treatment effect on the quality of life and emotional distress in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Abstract

Trajectory changes of quality of life (QOL) and psychological status in patients with T1N0M0 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) after microwave ablation (MWA) treatment. Patients with T1N0M0 PTC who underwent MWA from March to August 2021 were included in this study. Patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaire (QLQ-C30), Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (THYCA-QOL) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months after MWA. 181 patients were enrolled in this study. All patients met a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. The QOL at baseline and 12 months after MWA were 14.95 ± 1.78 and 14.19 ± 1.73 (P < 0.01), respectively. Patients' anxiety was 3.33 ± 1.81 and 1.49 ± 2.14 (P < 0.01), respectively. Patients' depression was 2.14 ± 2.10 and 1.40 ± 2.22 (P < 0.01), respectively. In the trajectory analysis, 73%, 19% and 8% of patients achieved significant improvement, slight improvement and stable in QOL, respectively, with older, female, lower education and lower monthly income as the risk factors of QOL. 63%, 31% and 6% of patients achieved significant improvement, slight improvement and stable in anxiety, respectively, with younger, female, lower education, lower monthly income, unmarried or divorced and higher T3, T4 levels as the risk factors of anxiety. 72%, 21% and 7% of patients achieved significant improvement, slight improvement and stable in depression, respectively, with younger, lower monthly income and unmarried or divorced as the risk factors of depression. MWA can effectively improve the QOL and emotional distress of patients with T1N0M0 PTC.