Trait emotional intelligence, the Big Five personality traits and isometric maximal voluntary contraction level under stress in athletes

Abstract

ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of trait emotional intelligence (EI) and the Big Five personality traits on athletes’ ability to tolerate stress during isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). MethodsFifty-two elite athletes with a mean age of 21.5 year (17 female) volunteered to participate. The Short Form Big Five Inventory and the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test measured personality and trait EI, respectively. Electromyography (EMG) determined the MVC level of the triceps surae muscle group in the absence and presence of a stressor. The mental stressor was to count downwards, repeatedly subtracting 13 from a starting value of 1000. ResultsAthletes’ MVC values were positively associated with conscientiousness and trait EI regardless of the presence or absence of a mental stressor. Two hierarchical regressions were conducted to determine whether personality traits and trait EI could predict MVC values measured during the absence and presence of mental stressor. Results show that personality traits explain variability in MVC values measured in both the absence and the presence of a mental stressor. Further, trait EI increased the model's ability to predict MVC. Personality traits combined with trait EI had stronger predictive ability for MVC values during exposure to a mental stressor. ConclusionAthletes with higher levels of conscientiousness and trait EI may be able to tolerate more stress without a decrease in performance.