Abstract
ABSTRACT Most professional athletes and their coaches are interested in identifying physical and climatic factors that influence the successful overcoming of long distances. If the influence of physical activity on the athlete endurance is obvious, then the influence of climatic conditions on endurance is of interest from the point of view of stimulating biochemical processes. In the present paper, the main factors of altitude and the importance of training activity in mountain conditions for athletes performing prolonged physical activity are considered. The primary attention is devoted to the study of influence of climatic and exercise loading factors on endurance of athletes under conditions of hypoxia. The review analyzes the data on influence of hypoxic conditions on hemodynamic indicators and energy supply in the body of athletes-stayers. Analysis of the effectiveness of the use of training of respiratory muscles under hypoxia to improve working capacity in long distance performance is carried out.
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