Abstract
The study investigated the dynamic changes in accuracy and precision during a simple oral and digital motor task involving a controlled and a ballistic force. Eighteen healthy participants participated in four experimental sessions during which they performed one hundred trials of targeting a controlled (low/high hold force) and a ballistic force during an oral and a digital motor task (OMT and DMT). Accuracy and precision across one hundred trials were calculated and subjected to segmented linear regression analysis. Repeated performance of controlled forces show a significant dynamic change in accuracy during initial stage of targeting high hold forces during OMT and a significant dynamic change in both accuracy and precision during final stage of targeting high hold forces during DMT. Repeated performance of ballistic force showed a significant dynamic change in both accuracy and precision during final stage of targeting high hold force forces during OMT and a significant dynamic change in accuracy during the initial stages of targeting high hold force during the DMT. The findings indicate a subtle degree of dissociation between accuracy and precision in terms of dynamic modulation of forces due to repeated performance of both OMT and DMT.
Highlights
Fine manipulative skills are exceptional characteristics of the human species
There was a significant dynamic change in precision of ballistic forces during the initial stages of targeting low hold force during OMT and final stages of targeting high hold force during DMT. These results indicate that there is a subtle degree of dynamic modulation of controlled and ballistic forces in terms of accuracy and precision due to repeated performance of the OMT and DMT
To summarize; the findings from the present study indicate a subtle degree of disassociation between accuracy and precision along with a subtle degree of dynamic modulation of forces in terms of accuracy and precision due to repeated performance of OMT and DMT
Summary
Fine manipulative skills are exceptional characteristics of the human species. The human manipulative superiority in comparison to other primates is probably due to intimate interactions between precise motor skills and higher cognitive functions[1]. It is suggested that the basic sensory and motor functions especially in relation to the precise manipulation of objects are similar in the trigeminally innervated jaw motor system and the spinally innervated hands and digits[7]. The mechanoreceptors in the skin of the hand and the orofacial region are found to be innervated by fast-conducting, large-diameter, myelinated a-beta axons, that respond vigorously to subtle mechanical deformation applied to their receptive fields[8] Despite these similarities studies have shown some differences in the cortical control and force execution between the trigeminally innervated masticatory muscles and spinally innervated hand muscles[9, 10]. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in the accuracy and precision of force control between trigeminally innervated jaw motor system and the spinally innervated hands/digits when similar motor tasks are performed
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