Abstract
Instructional products can be characterized as reaching three different levels of achievement: (1) students remember the information presented; (2) students can apply conceptual classification schemes, can apply rules, or can follow procedures; (3) students can discover how conceptual and rule-governed structures work. While memory is often a useful outcome, it does not imply the ability to use the knowledge. Ability to think at an adult level is an increasingly called-for outcome, especially among science educators, an outcome that calls for new ways of designing instruction. Designs that enable students to apply conceptual schemes and rules do not foster thinking skill development. The pursuit of efficiency and content coverage in instructional products will have to be sacrificed in some cases in order to train students in thinking skills.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
