Training and Developing the Ability to Predict and Solve Problems through the Teaching of Finding and Correcting Mistakes of Real Problems in Vietnam

Abstract

In Vietnam today, the general education program has shifted from teaching focusing on content and knowledge to teaching towards the development of students' competencies and qualities. Therefore, the ability to predict and solve problems is of special concern. However, the high school graduation exam format is multiple-choice. This results in the students' relatively weak ability to reason and solve problems. Besides, students are quite surprised when getting used to real problems. Our research is done to analyze the factors that affect students' erroneous reasoning as well as identify common errors in real problems. We surveyed 47 teachers and 163 students in Ho Chi Minh City by questionnaire. Research has shown that 65.96% of teachers and 50.92% of students think that it is very necessary to practice and develop the ability to predict and solve problems through teaching to predict and correct mistakes in real-world problems, but most teachers do not fully understand the ability to predict and solve problems in teaching practical problems. Students' manifestations of each type of mistake in teaching the ability to predict and solve problems are not high and uneven. The research results also show that there are two main groups of factors affecting the ability to predict and correct mistakes through practical problems: first, the problem is not true to reality; Second, mistakes in reasoning to solve real problems. Findings from the research have important implications for renewing teaching methods in Vietnam.