Abstract
The passenger demand of urban rail transit (URT) lines often present asymmetric tidal time-varying characteristics. To match the demand fluctuation, the train operational plan (TOP) generally has asymmetric bi-directional frequency/headway setting and imbalanced circulation, leading to high operation cost. This paper incorporates circulation balance into TOP optimization to balance the bi-directional arrival, departure, circulation, and resource utilization, and reduce the overall operation cost. Based on time-varying section demand and predetermined service level, bi-directional stepped maximum headway functions are collaboratively constructed, and then the circulation process is described by the trip flow circulation network that is formulated as a cost-oriented integer linear programming model. Using the optimized frequency setting, the final TOP is obtained by a two-stage approach to successively solve the schedule and rolling stock circulations at terminals. The case study based on an URT line in Shenzhen indicates that the proposed approach can not only ensure the required service level for travel demand, but also improve the efficiency of circulation and utilization, and effectively reduce the overall operation cost. The proposed approach provides an effective technique to keep balanced, stable and sustainable operation for URT lines.
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