Abstract
Swarm Intelligence (SI) observes the collective behavior of social insects and other animal societies. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is one of the popular algorithms in SI. In the last decade, several routing protocols based on ACO algorithm have been developed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Such routing protocols are very flexible in distributed system but generate a lot of additional traffic and thus increase communication overhead. This paper proposes a new routing protocol reducing the overhead to provide energy efficiency. The proposed protocol adopts not only the foraging behavior of ant colony but also the trail-using behavior which has never been adopted in routing. By employing the behaviors, the protocol establishes and manages the routing trails energy efficiently in the whole network. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol has low communication overhead and reduces up to 55% energy consumption compared to the existing ACO algorithm.
Highlights
Swarm Intelligence (SI) is one of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and is a relatively novel field [1,2,3]
We presented the energy-efficient routing protocol based on the novel behavior of ants, which has never been adopted in routing
The proposed protocol aims at solving the additional traffic problem in the routing protocols based on ant behavior and making routing with energy efficient
Summary
Swarm Intelligence (SI) is one of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and is a relatively novel field [1,2,3]. Existing routing protocols based on ACO algorithm for WSNs use specific packet called ants. There are ACO-based energyefficient routing protocols proposed for WSNs [7,8,9,10]. The main goal of this research is to reduce the additional energy consumption which can be observed in the ACObased routing protocols and to prolong the network lifetime. The routing protocol proposed in this paper adopts the trailusing ants behavior, which forms a large network of foraging trails and engages the trails in leaf transport. (ii) The protocol adopts the trail-using ants behavior, which reduces up to 55% energy consumption.
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