Abstract
Dynamics is studied for one-dimensional single-lane traffic flow by means of an extended optimal-velocity model with continuously varied bottleneck strength for nonlinear roads. Two phases exist in this model such as free flow and wide moving jam states in the systems having relatively small values of the bottleneck strength parameter. In addition to the two phases, locally congested phaseappears as the strength becomes prominent. Jam formation occurs with the similar mechanism to the boomerang effect as well as the pinch one in it. Wide scattering of the flow-density relation in fundamental diagram is found in the congested phase.
Highlights
How to cite this paper: Watanabe, M. (2014) Traffic Dynamics and Congested Phases Derived from an Extended Optimal-Velocity Model
Vehicular dynamics has been simulated for one-dimensional single-lane traffic flow by means of the optimal-velocity model with continuously varied bottleneck strength for nonlinear lanes
The wide moving jam phase is characterized by the oblique linear relation in the flow-density relation as the fundamental diagram
Summary
How to cite this paper: Watanabe, M. (2014) Traffic Dynamics and Congested Phases Derived from an Extended Optimal-Velocity Model. The general pattern with pinch effect of vehicles, as a central concept of jam-formation mechanism in the theory, was pointed out to be not general: it is a specific state appearing on a section between on- and off-ramps. This indicates that it is a result of a particular freeway design [7] [8]. The optimal-velocity (OV) model, proposed by Bando et al [10]-[12], has been known as a car-following type model in microscopic scale This model has been known to reproduce phase transition between freely flowing state and jamming one. This model may be applicable to the systems having vertical slopes whose gradient continuously varies as a function of road position: Equations (5) and (6) may be regarded as a road with a double-mountain shape vertically changed
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