Abstract
The paper presents the traditions of reflection on the functioning of States and Reasons of State, starting from the classics of Political Thought: Niccolò Machiavelli, Francesco Guicciardini and Giovanni Botero, through the creators of Italian Geopolitical Thought in the era of Risorgimento (Carlo Cattaeno, Giacomo Durando) to contemporary reflections on Geopolitics in Italy. Contemporary issues are shown against the background of the most important historical events: Italy of the fascist period and the World War II (1922–1945), as well as the „Cold War” (1945–1989) and the period of transformation in Central and Eastern Europe (1989–1991) and their impact for a new European Geopolitics. In conclusion, it was stated that Italian Geopolitics, having the possibility of referring to various traditions of Italian thought, dating back not only to the 20th century, concerning broadly understood international issues, History, Political Science and Geography, demonstrates the versatility of the undertaken research topics.
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