Abstract
BackgroundThe plant Cochlospermum tinctorium A. Rich is a sub-shrub that belongs to the family Cochlospermaceae. The plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria, rickets, stomachache, diarrhea, gastric ulcer, parasitic infestations, liver diseases, fever, pain, inflammation, infectious diseases, epilepsy, snake bite, burns, orchitis, labour, menstrual problems, and many other diseases. This review summarizes the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of Cochlospermum tinctorium.Main textTo date, few bioactive molecules have been identified and isolated from the plant such as 7,3-dimethyldihydroquercelin, 5,4-dimethylquercelin, cochloxanthine, dihydrocochloxanthine, arjunolic acid, 3-O-E-p-coumaroylalphitolic acid, alphitolic acid, 1-hydroxytetradecan-3-one, 3-bisabolen, 2-tridecanone, 3-hexadecanone, 1-dodecanol, l-tetradecanol, 2-pentdecanone, 3-octadecanone, 1-hydroxy-3-hexadecanone, 1-nonadecanol, l-O-acetyl-3-hexadecanone, and l-hydroxy-3-oetadecanone. The literature related some of the reported ethnomedicinal uses of the plant to these compounds found in the different parts of the plant.ConclusionThe comprehensive information documented in this review about the importance of the C. tinctorium may provide an opportunity for research advancement in drug discovery and a better understanding of the medicinal benefits of the plant.
Highlights
To date, few bioactive molecules have been identified and isolated from the plant such as 7,3dimethyldihydroquercelin, 5,4-dimethylquercelin, cochloxanthine, dihydrocochloxanthine, arjunolic acid, 3-O-E-pcoumaroylalphitolic acid, alphitolic acid, 1-hydroxytetradecan-3-one, 3-bisabolen, 2-tridecanone, 3-hexadecanone, 1dodecanol, l-tetradecanol, 2-pentdecanone, 3-octadecanone, 1-hydroxy-3-hexadecanone, 1-nonadecanol, l-O-acetyl3-hexadecanone, and l-hydroxy-3-oetadecanone
Traditional uses of Cochlospermum tinctorium The plant C. tinctorium is the most commonly used among all the species of the family Cochlospermaceae [8]
Phytochemistry of Cochlospermum tinctorium The biological activities of medicinal plants mainly depend on the presence of phytochemical contents and other bioactive compounds that contribute to the discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents
Summary
Traditional uses of Cochlospermum tinctorium The plant C. tinctorium is the most commonly used among all the species of the family Cochlospermaceae [8]. The roots of C. tinctorium are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases [17], diabetes mellitus [18], epilepsy [19], pain and inflammation [20], conjunctivitis, leprosy, and testicular inflammation [8]. The rhizomes of C. tinctorium are used as a decoction for the treatment of rickets, stomach pain, helminthiasis, beriberi [21], fever, hepatitis, abdominal pain, and bilharzia [18]. Phytochemistry of Cochlospermum tinctorium The biological activities of medicinal plants mainly depend on the presence of phytochemical contents and other bioactive compounds that contribute to the discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents. These secondary metabolites include alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, tannins, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, resins, lignans, furocoumarins, naphthodianthrones, proteins, and peptides [35].
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