Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus (B. batryticatus), a well-known traditional animal Chinese medicine, has been commonly used in China for thousands of years. The present paper reviewed advances in traditional uses, origin, chemical constituents, pharmacology and toxicity studies of B. batryticatus. The aim of the paper is to provide more comprehensive references for modern B. batryticatus study and application. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) culture, drugs containing B. batryticatus have been used to treat convulsions, headaches, skin prurigo, scrofula, tonsillitis and fever. Many studies indicate B. batryticatus contains various compounds, including protein and peptides, fatty acids, flavonoids, nucleosides, steroids, coumarin, polysaccharide and others. Numerous investigations also have shown that extracts and compounds from B. batryticatus exert a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects both in vivo and in vitro, including effects on the nervous system, anticoagulant effects, antitumor effects, antibacterial and antifungal effects, antioxidant effects, hypoglycemic effects, as well as other effects. However, further studies should be undertaken to investigate bioactive compounds (especially proteins and peptides), toxic constituents, using forms and the quality evaluation and control of B. batryticatus. Furthermore, it will be interesting to study the mechanism of biological activities and structure-function relationships of bioactive constituents in B. batryticatus.
Highlights
Bombyx batryticatus (B. batryticatus) is the dried larva of Bombyx mori L. infected by Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill [1]
The detailed procedure of artificial breeding of B. batryticatus is inoculation for 15–20 min, silkworms are fed with mulberry leaves, and fed every 5.0–6.0 h until they as follows: Beauveria bassiana is mixed with warm water and sprayed on silkworms of 4–5 instars; become stiff and white; stiff silkworms are mixed with lime and dried in a ventilated place
In 2011, it was reported that ethanol extracts of B. batryticatus possessed significant anti-cervical cancer effect against have notable anti-cervical cancer (HeLa) cells at concentrations of 3.0–11.0 mg/mL, and anticancer mechanisms may be associated with induction of apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 [72]
Summary
Bombyx batryticatus (B. batryticatus) is the dried larva of Bombyx mori L. (silkworm of 4–5 instars) infected by Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill [1]. (silkworm of 4–5 instars) infected by Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill [1]. It is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines, called “Jiangcan” in Chinese vernacular and has been used in China for thousands of years. It is widely used in Korea and Japan [2]. B. batryticatus is derived from silkworm spontaneously infected by Beauveria bassiana originally [3]. It is mainly produced through artificial breeding techniques by artificial inoculation of Beauveria bassiana [4]. The directions and perspectives for future study on B. batryticatus are discussed in the paper
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