Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the perspectives of use of traditional knowledge in national socio-economic development in general and in the development of local communities of aboriginal nations of Siberia in particular. This study aims to analyze the traditional economic activity with the help of the questionnaire of 1500 respondents (from different ethnic groups) in different parts of the Siberian region - Khakasia. The results of empirical research have shown that in Khakas communities traditional kinds of activity are extended and they are of great importance for people as earlier. Comparative analysis of labor productivity in animal husbandry and wildlife management allows to draw a conclusion of positive influence of traditional knowledge on these fields of activity. Some clusters of traditional economic institutions of the indigenous people of Southern Siberia have been identified. The results of evolution of traditional institutions and their current state are presented. Even the transformed institutions are accepted by members of national communities as earlier. The research demonstrates the traditional institutions and knowledgemay be the factor of economic increase and social development for local society. Moreover, it is a national heritage and it needs to be managed.
Highlights
Traditional Knowledge refers to knowledge, capability, experience and wisdom that have been accumulated, existed, survived or developed in accordance to the ecological system, natural surroundings, society and cultures
According to UNESCO the meaning for traditional knowledge is similar to intangible cultural heritage: the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as a part of their cultural heritage (UNESCO, 2003)
The results of empirical research have shown that in Khakas communities traditional kinds of activity are extended and they are of great importance for people as earlier (Panikarova, 2011)
Summary
Traditional Knowledge refers to knowledge, capability, experience and wisdom that have been accumulated, existed, survived or developed in accordance to the ecological system, natural surroundings, society and cultures. Traditional knowledge can be common knowledge, such as knowledge about land-use or resource-use, practices, and may be shared by the members of all the social groups within a community (Xu et al, 2005). The interest to intangible cultural heritage and traditional knowledge as factors in socio-economic development has increased for the last decades all over the world. The purpose of this research is to discuss perspectives of use of traditional knowledge in national socio-economic development in general and in the development of local communities of aboriginal nations of Siberia in particular. The research describes economic and social situation of one of Siberian ethnic group – the Khakas people. The third section presents the research framework about traditional kinds of activity of Khakas people. The forth section presents the results of the evolution-institutional analysis and the last section is the conclusion
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