Abstract
Abstract. The article describes the development of geodetic surveying and production of geodetic instruments in what is now Czech Republic. The beginnings of development can be found in the 12th–13th centuries during the colonization of the territory and the consolidation of state administration. Significant development peaks occurred in the 14th century during the reign of the Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia Charles IV and then at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries during the reign of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II. The new direction is related to the development of industry at the end of the 19th century. At that time, several dozen companies in fine mechanics and optics were operating in Prague. The company J. & J. Frič was a world leader in the use of a glass divided circle in 1864. The production of astronomical and geodetic instruments in Czechoslovakia was successful until the end of the 1960s.
Highlights
The Czech Republic consists of the historical lands of Bohemia, Moravia and parts of Silesia
In Bohemia, the second peak of the general development was the reign of the Holy Roman Emperor and Bohemia king Charles IV (1316–1378)
The measuring instruments, tools and procedures of that time were based on the experience of Roman agrimensores, especially from the writings of Anicii Manlii Torquati Severini Boethii (480–524/5), which were modified and amended in the following centuries, and Gerbert of Aurillac (905–1003, Pope Sylvester II), who adopted Arabic knowledge
Summary
The Czech Republic consists of the historical lands of Bohemia, Moravia and parts of Silesia. This area has always been a busy crossroads of European cultural influences, military and economic interests. King of Bohemia, Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Austria, Ottokar II of Bohemia (1233–1278) initiated a reform of land measures. Under his rule, Czech land tables (Ceské desky zemské) were established along with the position of a land surveyor (Hánek and Hánek, 2018). Ceské desky zemské is the predecessor of a land registry for real estates They served as a model for similar Moravian and Silesian registers. An unknown author drew the first map of Silesia in 1545 and in 1562 Paul Fabricius the first map of Moravia
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