Abstract
Unions under socialism had little involvement in industrial relations. They were primarily concerned with supporting communist power through a welfare function. Independent workers’ organizations emerged under Gorbachev, but they were very small compared with the official unions. Trade unions in the Soviet bloc were primarily political organizations, charged with overseeing the implementation of party policy in the social sphere. This chapter examines the role of trade unions and the form of industrial relations in the Soviet system. It discusses the growth of industrial conflict and the rise of the independent workers’ movement between 1987 and 1991. The chapter looks at the development of industrial relations in the transition to the market economy, and analyses the political role of the old and the new unions.
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