Abstract
This chapter evaluates South Africa's trade policy under democracy, and critically reviews the burgeoning empirical studies of the effects of trade reform on trade flows, growth, employment, poverty, productivity, and inflation. The chapter is made up of three main sections. Section 2 reviews the process of trade reform in South Africa since the 1970s, with a particular focus on multilateral and preferential trade reform since 1994. Section 3 then evaluates the extent to which trade reform since 1994 has reduced nominal protection, effective protection and the anti-export bias. Section 4 reviews the empirical literature analysing the impact of trade liberalization and openness on the South African economy. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the scope for further trade reform.
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