Abstract
Probably the most discernable visual differences between an on-road and off-roadvehicle are the devices used to provide vertical support, propulsion, and steering forthe vehicle. While on-road vehicles use pneumatic tires of a relatively narrow sizerange, off-road vehicles use a wide variety of such devices. These include much largerand multiple pneumatic tires, as well as steel tracks and, recently, rubber tracks. Theoff-road vehicle may be presented with significant mobility challenges in the form ofsoft soils and steep and/or rough terrain seldom encountered by an on-road vehicle. Inaddition, many off-road vehicles are required to pull or push significant external loadsrequiring tractive capability greatly in excess of that needed for self-propulsion. Inmost cases, the off-road vehicle is expected to fulfill its mission with minimal ruttingand/or compaction of the terrain it traverses.
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