Tracking Construction Material over Space and Time: Prospective and Geo‐referenced Modeling of Building Stocks and Construction Material Flows

Niko Heeren,Stefanie Hellweg

doi:10.1111/jiec.12739

Abstract

SummaryConstruction material plays an increasingly important role in the environmental impacts of buildings. In order to investigate impacts of materials on a building level, we present a bottom‐up building stock model that uses three‐dimensional and geo‐referenced building data to determine volumetric information of material stocks in Swiss residential buildings. We used a probabilistic modeling approach to calculate future material flows for the individual buildings. We investigated six scenarios with different assumptions concerning per‐capita floor area, building stock turnover, and construction material. The Swiss building stock will undergo important structural changes by 2035. While this will lead to a reduced number in new constructions, material flows will increase. Total material inflow decreases by almost half while outflows double. In 2055, the total amount of material in‐ and outflows are almost equal, which represents an important opportunity to close construction material cycles. Total environmental impacts due to production and disposal of construction material remain relatively stable over time. The cumulated impact is slightly reduced for the wood‐based scenario. The scenario with more insulation material leads to slightly higher material‐related emissions. An increase in per‐capita floor area or material turnover will lead to a considerable increase in impacts. The new modeling approach overcomes the limitations of previous bottom‐up building models and allows for investigating building material flows and stocks in space and time. This supports the development of tailored strategies to reduce the material footprint and environmental impacts of buildings and settlements.

Highlights

Construction material has an important influence on a building’s total environmental impact, especially when considering energy-efficient buildings, where increased amounts of insulation material lead to reduced energy depress 29 mand (Ramesh et al 2010; Karimpour et al 2014; Cabeza et al 2014)
We propose a component-based, prospective and probabilistic modeling approach to quantify the material composition of Swiss residential buildings, which can be aggregated geographically to model building material stocks and flows of regions
Step 2: The individual buildings models were constructed from the merged database

Summary

Construction material plays an increasingly important role in the environmental impacts of buildings. The Swiss building stock will undergo important structural changes 11 by 2035 While this will lead to a reduced number in new constructions, ma[12] terial flows will increase. The new modeling approach overcomes the limitations of previous bottom-up building models and allows for inves[22] tigating building material flows and stocks in space and time This supports the development of tailored strategies to reduce the material footprint and environmental impacts of buildings and settlements. Construction material has an important influence on a building’s total environmental impact, especially when considering energy-efficient buildings, where increased amounts of insulation material lead to reduced energy depress 29 mand (Ramesh et al 2010; Karimpour et al 2014; Cabeza et al 2014).

Results

715 References