Track B Clinical Science

A Aoko,A Asher,A Binagwaho,A Bloom,A Bolen Valenzuela,A Boulle,A Butt,A Cheng,A Collier,A Diacon,A Figueroa,A Gazzaniga,A Hutchinson,A Justice,A Lucchetti,A Luetkemeyer,A Mangano,A Martinez,A Mills,A Miruka,A Mngadi,A Rachlis,A Rinehart,A Sekiziyivu,A Shah,A Shet,A Silvia,A Skingsley,A Steenhoff,A Sypek,A Venter,A Walker,A Wiznia,A Zolopa,A.D Paltiel,A.F Luetkemeyer,A.H Diacon,A.J Saah,A.P Moll,B Alston-Smith,B Aouizerat,B Banigbe-Aluko,B Chaplin,B Christian,B Conway,B Gazzard,B Graham,B Grinsztein,B Grinsztejn,B Guyer,B Ha,B Heckman,B Homony,B Kapogiannis,B Kearney,B Lamere,B Morris,B Nyagadza,B Riegel Santos,B Rudy,B Santos,B Strom,B.B Rewari,C Alvero,C Benson,C Brites,C Callebaut,C Chang,C Charpentier,C Chipungu,C Colombero,C Craig,C Delaugerre,C Devaux,C Dinakar,C Dufouil,C Ellery,C Firnhaber,C Gervasoni,C Gibert,C Godfrey,C Grondin,C Hawkins,C Jin,C Karatzios,C Laouénan,C Liu,C Metcalf,C Modongo,C Newcomb,C Ngampiyaskul,C Orkin,C Pfaff,C Rocco,C Sigei,C Smith,C Tierney,C Torti,C Van Niekerk,C Venuto,C Vorsatz,C Wilson,C Worrell,C Zeh,C Del Rio,C.A Benson,D Benator,D Boulware,D Cattaneo,D Cooper,D Descamps,D Everitt,D Fitzgerald,D Garmon,D Haas,D Havlir,D Kacanek,D Kitch,D Lu,D Lucido,D Margolis,D Mcmahon,D Mecikovsky,D Meya,D Mildvan,D Munyaradzi,D Neau,D Paige,D Podzamczer,D Rimland,D Shaffer,D Shamblaw,D Spiegelman,D Steimers,D Tokugawa,D.E Libutti,D.L Jacobson,D.V Havlir,D.W Haas,E Acosta,E Aris,E Chan,E Clementi,E Daar,E Dejesus,E Egizi,E Goemaere,E Handelsman,E Heylen,E Kadyszewski,E Koenig,E Losina,E Lowenthal,E Montenont,E Ngetich,E O'Gara,E Petzold,E Piwowar-Manning,E Sanga,E Villarino,E Wilkins,E.C Joao,E.K Dokubo,E.M Kojic,E.S Daar,F Antunes,F Aweeka,F Bonnet,F Brun-Vézinet,F Dabis,F Damond,F Gordin,F Maggiolo,F Mashabela,F Mentré,F Mugusi,F Musonera,F Palella,F Raffi,F Sawe,F Taulo,F Tomaka,F De Wolf,F.-A Dauchy,F.W Wit,G Bisson,G Chalamilla,G Chene,G Chêne,G Dubynska,G Fätkenheuer,G Gettenberg,G Hamet,G Maartens,G Morse,G Moyle,G Picchio,G Rizzardini,G Seage,G Somarriba,G Tudor-Williams,G Van Cutsem,G Van Zyl,G.-M Santos,G.A Mccomsey,G.H Friedland,H Amieva,H Bygrave,H Cassim,H Friedman,H Gale,H Graham,H Kibuuka,H Mcilleron,H Mohri,H Rawizza,H Ribaudo,H Struthers,H Teppler,H Valdez,H Winter,H.-J Stellbrink,H.V Tieu,I Kaidashev,I Sanne,I Song,I.G Stolte,I.M Sanne,J Aberg,J Aerssens,J Ananworanich,J Andrade-Villanueva,J Currier,J Dehovitz,J Eron,J Fehr,J Fielder,J Flamm,J Fourie,J Gallant,J Gobey,J Hafkin,J Hakim,J Heera,J Hitti,J Hull,J Hunt,J Hutchings,J Kabanda,J Kahn,J Kosgei,J Kostman,J Kumwenda,J Lim,J Lloyd-Smith,J Lundgren,J Makhema,J Manasa,J Martin,J Maswai,J Miro,J Okonji,J Pilotto,J Pinto,J Sanchez,J Schouten,J Sievers,J Szwarcberg,J Tarus,J Tate,J Vingerhoets,J Wang,J Webster-Cyriaque,J Williamson,J Xu,J Ye,J Van Lunzen,J.-C Karasi,J.-C Schmit,J.-F Dartigues,J.-M Molina,J.-R Arribas-Lopez,J.-Y Servais,J.A Mcintyre,J.C.M Brust,J.H Pilotto,J.K Takemoto,J.M Palefsky,J.S Berger,J.V Madruga,K Anastos,K Arastéh,K Birkenkamp,K Cheng,K Chokephaibulkit,K Coughlin,K Crawford,K Freedberg,K Iranyumviye,K Mayer,K Melbourne,K Mollan,K Ncube,K Nelson,K Nielsen-Saines,K Ouma,K Page,K Rich,K Rodriguez,K Rono,K Ruxrungtham,K Scheidweiler,K Smith,K Squires,K Tassiopoulos,K Thys,K White,K.E Dooley,K.H Mayer,L Cottle,L Dooley,L Hu,L Maganga,L Mills,L Mofenson,L Mupfumi,L Richert,L Rimsky,L Ross,L Sen,L Tambuyzer,L Tobler,L Wang,L Wilton,L Zhong,M Anderson,M Ashok,M Bardin,M Bloch,M Bruyand,M Busch,M Cerea,M Cespedes,M Claassen,M Cohen,M Cotton,M Essex,M Fischl,M Fisher,M Galli,M Gandhi,M Gerschenson,M Goetz,M Heo,M Hosseinipour,M Huestis,M Kallan,M Kang,M Kendall,M Klein,M La Mar,M Leal,M Loveday,M Markowitz,M Mccauley,M Merolla,M Mirochnick,M Morgado,M Nigo,M O'Brien,M Peters,M Prins,M Rhee,M Robb,M Rodriguez-Barradas,M Rolfes,M Sadorra,M Santini-Oliveira,M Shaukat,M Simioni,M Skliut,M Stevens,M Toye,M Vourvahis,M Weinstein,M Van Ramshorst,M Van Der Valk,M.-L Newell,M.A Nardi,M.B Adams,M.E Geffner,M.G Fowler,M.L Ekstrand,M.S Cohen,M.X Rangaka,N Barcellos,N Bhardwaj,N De Castro,N Fedarko,N Givens,N Kumarasamy,N Kumwenda,N Liu,N Margot,N Martinson,N Mcgrath,N Michael,N Pavía-Ruz,N Scott,N Shang,N Wentzensen,N Wood,N Zheng,N.C Jahed,N.R Gandhi,N.S Shah,O Oneko,O Patey,O Yang,P Aulicino,P Bacchetti,P Becker,P Bulterys,P Cahn,P Castle,P Chetchotisakd,P Denti,P Farnham,P Graham,P Hunt,P Ive,P Jansen,P Kanki,P Kosalaraksa,P Mason,P Meraviglia,P Morlat,P Okonkwo,P Reiss,P Richardson,P Ruane,P Sambarey,P Sato,P Sax,P Severe,P Srikantiah,P Tebas,P Yegon,P Yeni,P.E Sax,P.J Kanki,P.S Lizak,Q Ma,R Achieng,R Allen,R Bologna,R Chaisson,R Chung,R Davis,R Dawson,R Ebrahimi,R Elion,R Goliath,R Gonin,R Greenblatt,R Hansudewechakul,R Hazra,R Kreitchmann,R Landman,R Lessells,R Localio,R Msandiwa,R Musonda,R Mutetwa,R Panchia,R Rajasingham,R Reddy,R Shafer,R Titus,R Viani,R Walensky,R Weber,R.J Wilkinson,R.P.H Peters,R.R Macgregor,R.S Wallis,S Almond,S Baldelli,S Bamber,S Basavaraju,S Borgonovo,S Boyle,S Brown,S Buchbinder,S Chandy,S Chariyalertsak,S Cohn,S Cu-Uvin,S Deeks,S Dincq,S Dzoro,S Engelbrecht,S Eshleman,S Follansbee,S Ford,S Gange,S Gaseitsiwe,S Gitterman,S Glick,S Godbole,S Hanson,S Himes,S Holla,S Kabra,S Kanjanavanit,S Landonio,S Mannheimer,S Mathee,S Mehta,S Meloni,S Min,S Moyo,S Murray,S Nachman,S Nijs,S Pinyakorn,S Piscitelli,S Portsmouth,S Ramanathan,S Sansom,S Shembe,S Siminski,S Simons,S Swindells,S Tang,S Than,S Travers,S Vallabhaneni,S Van Den Broucke,S Vardhanabhuti,S Vonthanak,S Yesmin,S Zinyowera,S.-S Ou,S.E Geerlings,S.L Rosenkranz,S.O Friedrich,S.R Valluri,T Brown,T Darragh,T Evering,T Fralich,T Gamble,T Jolayemi,T Kelesidis,T Koval,T Kyrychenko,T Le,T Nagu,T Parsons,T Puthanakit,T Sharma,T Sterling,T Taha,T Umbleja,T Zhu,T De Oliveira,T.L Miller,T.L Van Der Merwe,T.N Kakuda,T.T Brown,U Lalloo,U.G Lalloo,V Amorosa,V Arendt,V Arnold,V Cummings,V Dindi,V Elharrar,V Johnson,V Joly,V Kan,V Korshenko,V Lo Re,V Novitsky,V Pokrovsky,V Raman,V Sahasrabuddhe,V Sahi,V Valdes,V Van Eygen,V Veloso,V.M Quang,W Fawzi,W Luesomboon,W Preiser,W.D Hardy,X Xu,Y Ning,Y Zhang,Y.-P Liu,Y.Q Chen

doi:10.7448/ias.15.5.18439

Abstract

BackgroundToll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane receptors that activate cells of the innate immune systems upon recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The TLR4 is an essential component of the innate immune response to various microorganisms. We investigated the impact of TLR4 polymorphism on development of opportunistic diseases in HIV-infected patients.MethodsThe presence of TLR4 Asp299Gly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was determined in a cohort of 180 antiretroviral treatment-naive HIV-1 infected patients and evaluated in relation to the occurrence of opportunistic infections. TLR4 genotyping was performed by real-time PCR.ResultsOne hundred sixty-five patients were homozygous for the wild-type genotype (AA); 15 patients (8,3%) were heterozygous for the Asp299Gly SNP (AG).TLR4 polymorphism was associated with more frequent development of the opportunistic infections, such as active tuberculosis (OR=3.27; 95% CI [1.21–10.29]), herpes zoster (OR=4.15; 95% CI [1.24–7.29]) and toxoplasmosis (OR=6.23; 95% CI [1.19–18.67]) compared with genotype AA.In addition, TLR4 SNP was associated with development of opportunistic diseases among individuals with CD4 cell count of>100 cells/mm3, compared with homozygous HIV-infected patients (OR, 5.25; 95%, CI [2.28–10.47]).ConclusionThis study suggests a greater risk of developing of active tuberculosis and other opportunistic infections in patients with the Asp299Gly TLR4 polymorphism.

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