Tracionamento ortodôntico: possíveis consequências nos caninos superiores e dentes adjacentes. Parte 3: anquilose alveolodentária, reabsorção dentária por substituição, metamorfose cálcica da polpa e necrose pulpar asséptica

Abstract

Canine forced eruption comprises one among a number of procedures that can be used in orthodontic treatment to ensure that cuspids are positioned in the dental arch in normal es-thetic and functional conditions. Canine forced eruption should be characterized as an orth-odontic movement. Unfortunately, in discussions of clinical orth-odontic practice some professionals are reluctant to indicate orthodontic forced eruption, especially of maxillary canines. These professionals believe that orthodontic forced eruption can cause many clinical problems during and after surgery. Among the most widely cited reasons for restricting the in-dication of orthodontic forced eruption are: 1) Lateral root resorption in lateral incisors and premolars.2) External cervical resorption of canines due to forced eruption.3) Dentoalveolar ankylosis of the canine involved in the process.4) Calcific metamorphosis of the pulp and aseptic pulp necrosis.In two previous works, we reviewed the first two topics. In this last article in the series we ad-dress the biological foundation of dentoalveolar an-kylosis, replacement resorption, calcific metamor-phosis of the pulp and aseptic necrosis cases either directly or indirectly related to the orthodontic forced eruption of canines.