Tracing the geographical origins of Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) by using compound-specific isotope analysis: An approach for overcoming the seasonal effect

Abstract

The determination of the geographical origin of seafood products is important for food safety and health of consumers. A reliable method for tracing the geographical origin of scallop is urgently needed. The present study was the first attempt to trace the geographical origins of Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) by using stable isotope techniques in different seasons. A total of 127 P. yessoensis samples from six sampling locations were collected in autumn of 2015 and spring of 2016. δ13C and δ15N values of bulk samples, as well as δ13C values of amino acids and monosaccharides, were determined by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The bulk δ13C values (−20.99‰ to −17.72‰), δ15N values (4.29‰–9.69‰), and δ13C values of amino acids (−37.26‰ to −9.25‰) and monosaccharides (−41.34‰ to −27.23‰) showed various characteristics for samples from different locations and different seasons. Multiway analysis of variance results demonstrated that the δ13C values of alanine, glycine, valine, leucine, serine, phenylalanine, fucose, rhamnose, glucose and mannose were negligibly affected by seasons. Based on the discriminant models built with these 10 parameters, the predictions of the geographical origin of P. yessoensis gave an overall correct classification rate of 100.0% and a cross-validation rate of 100.0%. The compound-specific isotope analysis was an applicable method to trace the geographical origins of P. yessoensis, which could avoid the interference of seasonal effect.