Abstract
A comparative analysis of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Registry databases was carried out to identify the advantages of puncture-dilatation tracheostomy methods over standard tracheotomy in critically ill patients. In addition, bibliographies and selected conference proceedings were reviewed; included randomized clinical trials comparing puncture-dilatation techniques with standard tracheotomy in critically ill adults, which reported clinically significant outcomes. The extracted data are focused on the criteria for the validity of the studies and the results relevant to practice. Puncture methods are less traumatic and can reduce the likelihood of infection of the surgical wound. Compared to the traditional method, a puncture tracheostomy can be applied in just 2 minutes,which can play a significant role in the prognosis of patient survival. The role of the experience of the operators performing the procedures has a significant impact on the results, which cannot be formally and quantitatively assessed in our analysis.
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