Tracheal Stenosis After Endotracheal Intubation and Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy

Abstract

Introduction
 Tracheal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the tracheal lumen which affects adequate airflow and caused by an inflammatory complication such as endotracheal intubation and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). Incidence of tracheal stenosis following endotracheal intubation and PDT was 8-44%.
 Case Report
 A 24 year old female presented with dyspnea and hoarseness after traffic accident. She was intubated for 2 weeks then followed by PDT for 3 weeks. The laryngoscopy examination after PDT extubation showed tracheal stenosis at the second-third tracheal ring with left vocal fold granuloma. Cervical computed tomography demonstrated a mass at vocal cord and narrowing of tracheal caliber at the first thoracic vertebra disk, above the stoma of PDT.The granuloma was excised and tracheal stenosis was removed by tracheal resectionand end-to-end anastomosis. 
 Discussion
 Tracheal stenosis is one of important sequelae after endotracheal intubationand PDT. Tracheal resection and primary anastomosis may be considered as an option for surgical management of tracheal stenosis.