Abstract
There are rare case reports of tracheal diverticula or paratracheal air cysts. These cases, however, were reported mostly as incidental sonographic or radiologic findings without histologic confirmation. Furthermore, the handful of studies that describe this entity histopathologically report only cases in patients with prior respiratory symptoms. Here, we report a rare case of an asymptomatic 60-year-old female with no significant past medical history who presented with primary hyperparathyroidism. She was found to have an incidental right paraesophageal air-filled diverticulum with multiple thin septations on her imaging studies. She was taken to surgery and the histologic examination of the specimen revealed multiloculated cystic cavity lined by respiratory-type columnar epithelium with lymphocytic infiltrate and minor salivary glands within the surrounding stroma, rendering the diagnosis of tracheal diverticula.
Highlights
There are rare case reports of paratracheal air cysts/tracheal diverticula
The specimen was sent for intraoperative assessment, which revealed several lumina/cystic spaces lined by ciliated columnar epithelium with mild lymphocytic infiltrate and salivary-type glands in the adjacent fibrous tissue
Paratracheal air collections are usually found as incidental findings on imaging studies
Summary
There are rare case reports of paratracheal air cysts/tracheal diverticula. These are generally incidental sonographic or radiologic findings without subsequent morphologic diagnosis. Even the classic histopathologic description is based only on autopsy studies. We report a unique case in which the histopathologic diagnosis of a tracheal diverticulum was considered intraoperatively and confirmed on the final surgical specimen in a 60-year-old woman who underwent surgery for hyperparathyroidism
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