Abstract
Abstract. The necessity of measuring harmonic emissions between 2 and 150 kHz is outlined by several standard committees and electrical utilities. This paper presents a measurement system and its traceable characterization designed to acquire and analyse voltages up to 230 V and currents up to 100 A with harmonics up to 150 kHz that may occur in smart grids. The uncertainty estimation is carried out and described in detail for both the fundamental and supraharmonics components. From a metrological point of view, ensuring the traceability of current measurements for frequencies higher than 100 kHz and dealing with the complexity of uncertainty determination are bottlenecks related to supraharmonics measurements that this paper proposes an approach to deal with.
Highlights
The state-of-the-art analysis indicates that supraharmonic emissions are a significant power quality (PQ) issue in the smart grids (Klatt et al, 2013; Rönnberg et al, 2016)
Aiming at obtaining a representation of supraharmonic emissions occurring in a residential smart grid, we adopted an approach based on a metrologically characterized measurement system and the design of experiments (Montgomery, 2008)
Voltage and current are acquired on four distinctive channels, the supraharmonic components being acquired once the 50 Hz components are filtered
Summary
Smart grid technology is deployed and operational in several countries, some areas of concern, such as power quality issues, still need technical improvements. The state-of-the-art analysis indicates that supraharmonic emissions (emissions from grid equipment in the frequency range of 2 to 150 kHz) are a significant PQ issue in the smart grids (Klatt et al, 2013; Rönnberg et al, 2016). Aiming at obtaining a representation of supraharmonic emissions occurring in a residential smart grid, we adopted an approach based on a metrologically characterized measurement system and the design of experiments (Montgomery, 2008). This innovative approach creates a multi-factor design to maximize the obtained information with a minimum number of measurements but relevant configurations. The present paper focuses on the measurement system and its metrological characterization providing more details with respect to Istrate et al (2020)
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