Abstract
Traceability and monitoring of industrial processes are becoming more important to assure the value of final products. Blockchain technology emerged as part of a movement linked to criptocurrencies and the Internet of Things, providing nice-to-have features such as traceability, authenticity and security to sectors willing to use this technology. In the retail industry, blockchain offers users the possibility to monitor details about time and place of elaboration, the origin of raw materials, the quality of materials involved in the manufacturing processes, information on the people or companies that work on it, etc. It allows to control and monitor textile articles, from their production or importing initial steps, up to their acquisition by the end consumer, using the blockchain as a means of tracking and identification during the whole process. This technology can also be used by the apparel industry in general and, more specifically, for ready-to-wear clothing, for tracing suppliers and customers along the entire logistics chain. The goal of this paper is to introduce the more recent traceability schemes for the apparel industry together with the proposal of a framework for ready-to-wear clothing which allows to ensure the transparency in the supply chain, clothing authenticity, reliability and integrity, and validity of the retail final products, and of the elements that compose the whole supply chain. In order to illustrate the proposal, a case study on a women’s shirt from an apparel and fashion company, where a private and open blockchain is used for tracing the product, is included. Blockchain actors are proposed for each product stage.
Highlights
During recent years, different methods for monitoring the processes and activities involved in the connected industry have been created
Different methods for monitoring the processes and activities involved in the connected industry have been created. This is known as Industry 4.0, and it has lead to a virtualization of the processes, where supply chains provide real-time access to relevant products and production information for all involved entities [1,2]
This paper presents an overview about the traceability and track ability in the apparel industry, in the prêt à porter clothing supply chain
Summary
A blockchain can be defined as a protocol that allows to group data into blocks, linking together those blocks into a chain. Private blockchains usually put in place restrictions on who can join it, and on the role of participants Another criteria that is important allows to differentiate open from closed blockchains. This criterium refers to who is able to access the blockchain for reading purposes. The first one is known as “proof of work”, which represents some data which must be difficult to produce (in terms of time or computing power) but easy for others to verify This consensus mechanism is employed for example in Bitcoin, where miners compete between them in order to obtain the solution to a hashing problem, as the winner, in addition to being the one to validate the block, receives a certain amount of bitcoins. The following subsections present the definitions and most important concepts associated to those elements
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