Abstract
The root of Gentiana straminea Maxim. (Gentianaceae), is officially listed as “Qin-Jiao” in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis, icteric hepatitis, constipation, pain, and hypertension. To establish the geographical origin traceability in G. straminea, its chemical profiles were determined by a UPLC-Q exactive mass spectrometer, from which 43 compounds were identified by comparing retention times and mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, a pair of isomers (loganin and secologanol) was identified by mass spectrometry based on their fragmentation pathway. A total of 42 samples from difference habitats were determined by an UPLC-Q exactive mass spectrometer and the data were assayed with multivariate statistical analysis. Eight characteristic compounds were identified to determine the geographical origin of the herb. To estimate the key characteristic markers associated with pharmacological function, the inhibiting activities of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages were examined. This finding is crucial in realizing the determination of botanical origin and evaluating the quality of G. straminea.
Highlights
The geographical origin and the authenticity of herbal material are often related to the safe application of their preparations, since the authenticity and quality parameters are often associated with a particular geographical origin and/or production area [1]
The authors of this paper successfully identified the characteristic components in different geographical origins of Lamiophlomis rotata by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF/MS) [11,12,13]
Gentiopicroside, swertiamarin, 60 -O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-gentiopicroside, sweroside, loganic acide and loganin were identified by comparison with the retention time and mass fragmentation of reference standards
Summary
The geographical origin and the authenticity of herbal material are often related to the safe application of their preparations, since the authenticity and quality parameters are often associated with a particular geographical origin and/or production area [1]. Some herbal products available for purchase do not come from a fixed origin, and could fall short of quality requirements. Metabolites are the end product of the majority of cellular processes, and, as such, are representative of the phenotype of an organism. The secondary metabolites of herbs with different geographical origins exhibit certain differences, it has been speculated that different. Molecules 2019, 24, 4478 geographical origins of medicinal herbs may be identified according to their chemical characteristics by a data mining method based on their chemical profiles [3].
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