Abstract
A study of human blood serum is utilized to demonstrate both the x-ray emission caused by electrons dropping into atomic inner-shell vacancies produced by proton bombardment and the application of such x-ray emissions to trace element analysis. Sample preparation consisted solely of pipetting 25 μl of serum onto low-ash filter paper. Characteristic Kα x rays from copper and zinc were detected by a Si(Li) semiconductor detector to determine trace concentrations of these essential biological metals in the blood. The copper and zinc concentrations in the blood serum sample analyzed were found to be 1.16±0.13 and 0.70±0.07 ng/μl, respectively.
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